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Ocular associations of diabetes other than diabetic retinopathy, by V. Swetha E. Jeganathan and colleagues. Diabetes Care 31:1905-1912, 2008

What is the problem and what is known about it so far?

Diabetic retinopathy is the most well known eye problem related to diabetes. It affects the blood vessels of the retina (the thin "skin" that covers the back of the eye). Left untreated, diabetic retinopathy can cause blindness; with treatment, blindness can be prevented. However, there any many other, less well-known eye diseases that may also be related to diabetes.

Why did authors write this article?

The authors wanted to provide a review of the many other eye conditions that are linked to diabetes and how they are treated or prevented.

What are other types of eye disease common among people with diabetes?

In addition to diabetic retinopathy, people with diabetes are more likely to have:

  • Cataracts: a clouding of the eye lens that usually requires surgery.
  • Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, or AION: a problem caused by poor blood flow to the front part of the nerve that connects the eye to the brain.
  • Diabetic papillopathy: an uncommon problem that involves swelling of the part of the eye where the main nerve connecting the eye and brain attaches to the eye.
  • Ocular movement disorders: several conditions in which the muscles and nerves of the eye are not able to move or do not move properly.

Diabetes is also known to increase someone's chance of getting glaucoma, the second leading cause of blindness, and the less common "ocular ischemia syndrome," both of which involve the eye nerves. Diabetes may also increase a person's chance of having problems with the veins and arteries that serve the eyes and with the cornea, which is the part of the eye that lets light in.

What are the implications of the article?

Diabetic retinopathy is only one of many eye problems that can affect people with diabetes. To prevent eye and vision problems, people with diabetes should have regular eye exams. Those who develop problems should be referred to an eye specialist.

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